Gastroparesis (The Slow Stomach): Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

What is Gastroparesis (The Slow Stomach)?

Gastroparesis (The Slow Stomach) is a condition where the stomach takes longer than normal to empty food. Because of this delay, food moves slowly through the digestive system. As a result, people may feel full quickly or have stomach discomfort. Although gastroparesis is not very common, it can affect daily life. According to the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), this condition is more common in people with diabetes. However, anyone can develop it. Early diagnosis and proper care can help manage gastroparesis symptoms and improve quality of life.

Common Symptoms of Gastroparesis

Many people with gastroparesis notice symptoms that come and go. For example, you may feel full after eating only a small amount. Other symptoms can include:

Nausea or vomiting, especially after meals

Bloating or a swollen stomach

Stomach pain or discomfort

Loss of appetite

Heartburn or acid reflux

Unplanned weight loss

Changes in blood sugar levels (especially in people with diabetes)

Because these symptoms can be mild or severe, it is important to track them. If you notice these signs often, you should talk to your doctor.

Causes and Risk Factors

Gastroparesis (The Slow Stomach) can have several causes. Most often, it happens when the nerves that control the stomach muscles are damaged. For instance, diabetes is a leading cause. But, other factors can also play a role, such as:

Viral infections

Surgery on the stomach or esophagus

Medications that slow stomach emptying (like some pain medicines or antidepressants)

Autoimmune diseases

Thyroid problems

Additionally, women are more likely to develop gastroparesis than men. Sometimes, the cause is unknown. This is called idiopathic gastroparesis.

How Gastroparesis is Diagnosed

Doctors use several tests to diagnose gastroparesis. First, they will ask about your symptoms and medical history. Next, they may order tests to check how quickly your stomach empties. Common tests include:

Gastric emptying study (a special scan after eating a small meal)

Upper endoscopy (a thin tube with a camera looks at your stomach)

Ultrasound or X-rays to rule out other problems

Because symptoms can look like other stomach issues, these tests help confirm the diagnosis. Early diagnosis can lead to better treatment results.

Treatment Options for Gastroparesis

There are several gastroparesis treatment options. Your doctor will choose the best plan based on your symptoms and health. Treatment may include:

Medications to help the stomach muscles work better

Drugs to control nausea and vomiting

Changes in diet and eating habits

Blood sugar control for people with diabetes

Feeding tubes or surgery in severe cases

Because each person is different, treatment plans may change over time. Regular follow-ups help track progress and adjust care as needed.

Lifestyle Tips and Dietary Guidance

Managing gastroparesis often includes changes in daily habits. For example, you can:

Eat smaller, more frequent meals

Choose soft or liquid foods that are easier to digest

Chew food well and eat slowly

Avoid high-fat and high-fiber foods, as they slow digestion

Drink plenty of water throughout the day

Stay upright for at least one hour after eating

Additionally, working with a dietitian can help you create a meal plan that meets your needs. Because everyone is different, what works for one person may not work for another.

Prevention and When to See a Doctor

While not all cases of gastroparesis can be prevented, you can lower your risk. For instance, managing blood sugar levels if you have diabetes is important. Also, avoid medications that may slow your stomach unless your doctor says otherwise. If you notice ongoing symptoms like nausea, vomiting, or weight loss, see a doctor soon. Early care can prevent complications and improve your quality of life.

If you have questions or concerns about gastroparesis (The Slow Stomach), consult a gastroenterologist at SURABHI HOSPITAL for personalized advice on managing gastroparesis.